Umpires served as judges for the game, made note of fouls and had the power to disqualify players. But if there was evidence that a player intended to injure an opponent, the player would be disqualified for the whole game. A second foul would disqualify a player until the next goal was made. The first infringement was considered a foul. Players were not allowed to push, trip or strike their opponents. A player could not run with the ball but had to throw it from the spot where it was caught. In the original rules: The ball could be thrown in any direction with one or both hands, never a fist. Naismith’s original rules of the game sold at auction in 2010 for $4.3 million. Some are still part of the modern game today. Naismith didn’t create all of the rules at once, but continued to modify them into what are now known as the original 13 rules. The first game ever played between students was a complete brawl. A person was stationed at each end of the balcony to retrieve the ball from the basket and put it back into play. The students would play on teams to try to get the ball into their team’s basket. The height of that lower balcony rail happened to be 10 feet. Naismith nailed the peach baskets to the lower rail of the gymnasium balcony, one on each side. When the janitor came back from his search, he had two peach baskets instead. Naismith approached the school janitor, hoping he could find two square boxes to use for goals. ( See 100 years of football in pictures.) The game also needed to provide plenty of exercise for the students, yet without the physicality of football, soccer, or rugby since those would threaten more severe injuries if played in a confined space. The game had to be playable indoors, and it had to accommodate several players at once. Naismith wanted to create a game that would be simple to understand but complex enough to be interesting.
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